International scientific cooperation during the 1930s. Bruno Rossi and the development of the status of cosmic rays into a branch of physics - INSPIRE

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International scientific cooperation during the 1930s. Bruno Rossi and the development of the status of cosmic rays into a branch of physics

Luisa Bonolis
(
- Berlin, Max Planck Ges.
)

Apr 20, 2013

62 pages

e-Print:

1304.5612 [physics.hist-ph]

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Abstract: (arXiv)

During the 1920s and 1930s, Italian physicists established strong relationships with scientists from other European countries and the United States. The career of Bruno Rossi, a leading personality in the study of cosmic rays and an Italian pioneer of this field of research, provides a prominent example of this kind of international cooperation. Physics underwent major changes during these turbulent years, and the traditional internationalism of physics assumed a more institutionalised character. Against this backdrop, Rossi's early work was crucial in transforming the study of cosmic rays into a branch of modern physics. His friendly relationships with eminent scientists -notably Enrico Fermi, Walther Bothe, Werner Heisenberg, Hans Bethe, and Homi Bhabha- were instrumental both for the exchange of knowledge about experimental practises and theoretical discussions, and for attracting the attention of physicists such as Arthur Compton, Louis Leprince-Ringuet, Pierre Auger and Patrick Blackett to the problem of cosmic rays. Relying on material from different archives in Europe and United States, this case study aims to provide a glimpse of the intersection between national and international dimensions during the 1930s, at a time when the study of cosmic rays was still very much in its infancy, strongly interlaced with nuclear physics, and full of uncertain, contradictory, and puzzling results. Nevertheless, as a source of high-energy particles it became a proving ground for testing the validity of the laws of quantum electrodynamics, and made a fundamental contribution to the origins of particle physics.

Note:

62 pages, 4 figures, revised edition, to be published on Annals of Science

References(171)

Figures(4)

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