Attractive versus repulsive interactions in the Bose-Einstein condensation dynamics of relativistic field theories - INSPIRE

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Attractive versus repulsive interactions in the Bose-Einstein condensation dynamics of relativistic field theories

J. Berges
(
- U. Heidelberg, ITP
)
,
K. Boguslavski
(
- Jyvaskyla U.
)
,
A. Chatrchyan
(
- U. Heidelberg, ITP
)
,
J. Jaeckel
(
- U. Heidelberg, ITP
)

Jul 24, 2017

20 pages

Published in:

Phys.Rev.D 96 (2017) 7, 076020

Published: Oct 30, 2017

e-Print:

1707.07696 [hep-ph]

DOI:

10.1103/PhysRevD.96.076020

View in:

ADS Abstract Service

reference search24 citations

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Abstract: (APS)

We study the impact of attractive self-interactions on the nonequilibrium dynamics of relativistic quantum fields with large occupancies at low momenta. Our primary focus is on Bose-Einstein condensation and nonthermal fixed points in such systems. For a model system, we consider O(N)-symmetric scalar field theories. We use classical-statistical real-time simulations as well as a systematic 1/N expansion of the quantum (two-particle-irreducible) effective action to next-to-leading order. When the mean self-interactions are repulsive, condensation occurs as a consequence of a universal inverse particle cascade to the zero-momentum mode with self-similar scaling behavior. For attractive mean self-interactions, the inverse cascade is absent, and the particle annihilation rate is enhanced compared to the repulsive case, which counteracts the formation of coherent field configurations. For N≥2, the presence of a nonvanishing conserved charge can suppress number-changing processes and lead to the formation of stable localized charge clumps, i.e., Q balls.

Note:

30 pages, 8 figures, minor revision, published version

condensation: Bose-Einstein
field theory: scalar
field theory: relativistic
charge: conservation law
momentum: low
higher-order: 1
formation
cascade
effective action
annihilation

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