D-Egg: a dual PMT optical module for IceCube - INSPIRE

DataBETA

D-Egg: a dual PMT optical module for IceCube

IceCube

Collaboration

Dec 29, 2022

26 pages

Published in:

JINST 18 (2023) 04, P04014

Published: Apr 11, 2023

e-Print:

2212.14526 [astro-ph.IM]

DOI:

10.1088/1748-0221/18/04/P04014

Experiments:

View in:

ADS Abstract Service

reference search12 citations

Citations per year

Abstract: (IOP)

The D-Egg, an acronym for “Dual optical sensors in anEllipsoid Glass for Gen2,” is one of the optical modules designedfor future extensions of the IceCube experiment at the South Pole.The D-Egg has an elongated-sphere shape to maximize thephoton-sensitive effective area while maintaining a narrow diameterto reduce the cost and the time needed for drilling of thedeployment holes in the glacial ice for the optical modules atdepths up to 2700 m.The D-Egg design is utilized for the IceCube Upgrade, the next stageof the IceCube project also known as IceCube-Gen2 Phase 1, wherenearly half of the optical sensors to be deployed are D-Eggs. Withtwo 8-inch high-quantum efficiency photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) permodule, D-Eggs offer an increased effective area while retaining thesuccessful design of the IceCube digital optical module (DOM). Theconvolution of the wavelength-dependent effective area and theCherenkov emission spectrum provides an effective photodetectionsensitivity that is 2.8 times larger than that of IceCube DOMs. Thesignal of each of the two PMTs is digitized using ultra-low-power14-bit analog-to-digital converters with a sampling frequency of240 MSPS, enabling a flexible event triggering, as well as seamlessand lossless event recording of single-photon signals tomulti-photons exceeding 200 photoelectrons within 10 ns. Massproduction of D-Eggs has been completed, with 277 out of the310 D-Eggs produced to be used in the IceCube Upgrade. Inthis paper, we report the design of the D-Eggs, as well as thesensitivity and the single to multi-photon detection performance ofmass-produced D-Eggs measured in a laboratory using the built-indata acquisition system in each D-Egg optical sensor module.

Note:

26 pages, 18 figures, 1 table

Cherenkov detectors
Detectors for UV, visible and IR photons
Neutrino detectors
detector: optical
IceCube: upgrade
mass: production
emission: spectrum
photomultiplier
sensitivity
tube

References(35)

Figures(23)

[1]

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory: Instrumentation and Online Systems

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Adelaide U.
)

et al.

- JINST 12 (2017) 03, P03012,
- JINST 19 (2024) 05, E05001 (erratum)
•
e-Print:
- 1612.05093
•
DOI:
- 10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/P03012

[2]

First observation of PeV-energy neutrinos with IceCube

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Adelaide U.
)

et al.

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 111 (2013) 021103
•
e-Print:
- 1304.5356
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.021103

[3]

Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Adelaide U.
)

et al.

- Science 342 (2013) 1242856
•
e-Print:
- 1311.5238
•
DOI:
- 10.1126/science.1242856

[4]

Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A

Collaborations

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Canterbury U.
)

et al.

- Science 361 (2018) 6398, eaat1378
•
e-Print:
- 1807.08816
•
DOI:
- 10.1126/science.aat1378

[5]

Time-Integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10 Years of IceCube Data

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Canterbury U.
)

et al.

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 124 (2020) 5, 051103
•
e-Print:
- 1910.08488
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.051103

[6]

Evidence for neutrino emission from the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068

IceCube

Collaboration

•

R. Abbasi
(
- Loyola U., Chicago
)

et al.

- Science 378 (2022) 6619, 538-543
•
e-Print:
- 2211.09972
•
DOI:
- 10.1126/science.abg3395

[7]

Measurement of the multi-TeV neutrino cross section with IceCube using Earth absorption

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Adelaide U.
)

et al.

- Nature 551 (2017) 596-600
•
e-Print:
- 1711.08119
•
DOI:
- 10.1038/nature24459

[8]

Detection of a particle shower at the Glashow resonance with IceCube

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Canterbury U.
)

et al.

- Nature 591 (2021) 7849, 220-224,
- Nature 592 (2021) 7855, E11 (erratum)
•
e-Print:
- 2110.15051
•
DOI:
- 10.1038/s41586-021-03256-1

[9]

Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations at 6–56 GeV with IceCube DeepCore

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Adelaide U.
)

et al.

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 120 (2018) 7, 071801
•
e-Print:
- 1707.07081
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.071801

[10]

Measurement of Atmospheric Tau Neutrino Appearance with IceCube DeepCore

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Canterbury U.
)

et al.

- Phys.Rev.D 99 (2019) 3, 032007
•
e-Print:
- 1901.05366
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevD.99.032007

DOI:
- 10.3189/2014aog68a032

[12]

The Design and Performance of IceCube DeepCore

IceCube

Collaboration

•

R. Abbasi
(
- Wisconsin U., Madison
)

et al.

- Astropart.Phys. 35 (2012) 615-624
•
e-Print:
- 1109.6096
•
DOI:
- 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.01.004

[13]

The IceCube Upgrade - Design and Science Goals

IceCube

Collaboration

•

Aya Ishihara
(
- Chiba U.
)

for the collaboration.

- PoS ICRC2019 (2021) 1031
•
e-Print:
- 1908.09441
•
DOI:
- 10.22323/1.358.1031

[14]

IceCube-Gen2: the window to the extreme Universe

IceCube-Gen2

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Canterbury U.
)

et al.

- J.Phys.G 48 (2021) 6, 060501
•
e-Print:
- 2008.04323
•
DOI:
- 10.1088/1361-6471/abbd48

[15]

The mDOM - A multi-PMT digital optical module for the IceCube-Gen2 neutrino telescope

IceCube-Gen2

Collaboration

•

Lew Classen
(
- Munster U.
)

et al.

- PoS ICRC2017 (2018) 1047
•
DOI:
- 10.22323/1.301.1047

[16]

Characterisation of Two PMT Models for the IceCube Upgrade mDOM

IceCube

Collaboration

•

D. van Eijk
(
- Wisconsin U., Madison
)

et al.

- PoS ICRC2019 (2020) 1022
•
e-Print:
- 1908.08446
•
DOI:
- 10.22323/1.358.1022

[17]

Design and performance of the multi-PMT optical module for IceCube Upgrade

IceCube

Collaboration

•

Rasha Abbasi

et al.

- PoS ICRC2021 (2021) 1070
•
e-Print:
- 2107.11383
•
DOI:
- 10.22323/1.395.1070

[18]

Overview and performance of the D-Egg optical sensor for IceCube-Gen2

IceCube-Gen2

Collaboration

•

Satoshi Shimizu
(
- Chiba U.
)

et al.

- PoS ICRC2017 (2018) 1051
•
DOI:
- 10.22323/1.301.1051

[19]

Measurement of South Pole ice transparency with the IceCube LED calibration system

IceCube

Collaboration

•

M.G. Aartsen
(
- Adelaide U.
)

et al.

- Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A 711 (2013) 73-89
•
e-Print:
- 1301.5361
•
DOI:
- 10.1016/j.nima.2013.01.054

[20]

Calibration LEDs in the IceCube Upgrade D-Egg modules

IceCube

Collaboration

•

Aya Ishihara
(
- Chiba U.
)

et al.

- PoS ICRC2019 (2020) 923
•
e-Print:
- 1908.10780
•
DOI:
- 10.22323/1.358.0923

[21]

Camera Calibration for the IceCube Upgrade and Gen2

IceCube

Collaboration

•

Rasha Abbasi

et al.

- PoS ICRC2021 (2021) 1064
•
e-Print:
- 2107.12186
•
DOI:
- 10.22323/1.395.1064

[22]

Evolution of the IceCube data acquisition system for IceCube-Gen2

IceCube-Gen2

Collaboration

•

J.L. Kelley
(
- Wisconsin U., Madison
)

et al.

- JINST 16 (2021) 09, C09017
•
DOI:
- 10.1088/1748-0221/16/09/C09017

[23]

Calibration and Characterization of the IceCube Photomultiplier Tube

IceCube

Collaboration

•

R. Abbasi
(
- Wisconsin U., Madison
)

et al.

- Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A 618 (2010) 139-152
•
e-Print:
- 1002.2442
•
DOI:
- 10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.102

[24]

private communication, December

D. Tiedt
,
B. Mount
,
K. Lesko

[25]

Light-weight Flexible Magnetic Shields For Large-Aperture Photomultiplier Tubes

P. DeVore
(
- UC, Berkeley and
- LBL, Berkeley
)
,
D. Escontrias
(
- LBL, Berkeley
)
,
T. Koblesky
(
- Illinois U., Urbana (main)
)
,
C.J. Lin
(
- LBL, Berkeley
)
,
D.W. Liu
(
- LBL, Berkeley
)

et al.

- Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A 737 (2014) 222-228
•
e-Print:
- 1309.5415
•
DOI:
- 10.1016/j.nima.2013.11.024

1-25 of 35
1
2
25 / page