Observation of the electromagnetic field effect via charge-dependent directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider - INSPIRE

DataBETA

Observation of the electromagnetic field effect via charge-dependent directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

STAR

Collaboration

•

M.I. Abdulhamid
(
- American U., Cairo
)

Apr 6, 2023

12 pages

Published in:

Phys.Rev.X 14 (2024) 1, 011028

Published: Jan 1, 2024

e-Print:

2304.03430 [nucl-ex]

DOI:

10.1103/PhysRevX.14.011028 (publication)

Experiments:

BNL-RHIC-STAR

View in:

ADS Abstract Service

reference search46 citations

Citations per year

Abstract: (arXiv)

The deconfined quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions enables the exploration of the fundamental properties of matter under extreme conditions. Non-central collisions can produce strong magnetic fields on the order of

10^{18}

Gauss, which offers a probe into the electrical conductivity of the QGP. In particular, quarks and anti-quarks carry opposite charges and receive contrary electromagnetic forces that alter their momenta. This phenomenon can be manifested in the collective motion of final-state particles, specifically in the rapidity-odd directed flow, denoted as

v_1(\mathsf{y})

. Here we present the charge-dependent measurements of

dv_1/d\mathsf{y}

near midrapidities for

\pi^{\pm}

,

K^{\pm}

, and

p(\bar{p})

in Au+Au and isobar (

_{44}^{96}

Ru+

_{44}^{96}

Ru and

_{40}^{96}

Zr+

_{40}^{96}

Zr) collisions at

\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=

200 GeV, and in Au+Au collisions at 27 GeV, recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The combined dependence of the

v_1

signal on collision system, particle species, and collision centrality can be qualitatively and semi-quantitatively understood as several effects on constituent quarks. While the results in central events can be explained by the

u

and

d

quarks transported from initial-state nuclei, those in peripheral events reveal the impacts of the electromagnetic field on the QGP. Our data put valuable constraints on the electrical conductivity of the QGP in theoretical calculations.

heavy ion: scattering
nucleus: heavy
effect: Coulomb
quark: constituent
magnetic field: high
electromagnetic field: effect
K
pi
p
anti-p

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