ZTF SN~Ia DR2: Cosmology-independent constraints on Type Ia supernova standardisation from supernova siblings - INSPIRE

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ZTF SN~Ia DR2: Cosmology-independent constraints on Type Ia supernova standardisation from supernova siblings

Jun 3, 2024

12 pages

e-Print:

2406.01434 [astro-ph.CO]

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Abstract: (arXiv)

Understanding Type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) and the empirical standardisation relations that make them excellent distance indicators is vital to improving cosmological constraints. SN~Ia ``siblings", i.e. two or more SNe~Ia in the same host or parent galaxy offer a unique way to infer the standardisation relations and their diversity across the population. We analyse a sample of 25 SN~Ia pairs, observed homogeneously by the Zwicky Transient Factory (ZTF) to infer the SNe~Ia light curve width-luminosity and colour-luminosity parameters

\alpha

and

\beta

. Using the pairwise constraints from siblings, allowing for a diversity in the standardisation relations, we find

\alpha = 0.218 \pm 0.055

and

\beta = 3.084 \pm 0.312

, respectively, with a dispersion in

\alpha

and

\beta

of

\leq 0.195

and

\leq 0.923

, respectively, at 95

\%

C.L. While the median dispersion is large, the values within

\sim 1 \sigma

are consistent with no dispersion. Hence, fitting for a single global standardisation relation, we find

\alpha = 0.228 \pm 0.029

and

\beta = 3.160 \pm 0.191

. We find a very small intrinsic scatter of the siblings sample

\sigma_{\rm int} \leq 0.10

at 95% C.L. compared to

\sigma_{\rm int} = 0.22 \pm 0.04

when computing the scatter using the Hubble residuals without comparing them as siblings. Splitting the sample based on host galaxy stellar mass, we find that SNe~Ia in both subsamples have consistent

\alpha

and

\beta

. The

\beta

value is consistent with the value for the cosmological sample. However, we find a higher

\alpha

by

\sim 2.5 - 3.5 \sigma

. The high

\alpha

is driven by low

x_1

pairs, potentially suggesting that the slow and fast declining SN~Ia have different slopes of the width-luminosity relation. We can confirm or refute this with increased statistics from near future time-domain surveys. (abridged)

Note:

12 pages, 7 figures, submitted to A&A

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