Color confinement and dual superconductivity of the vacuum. 1.

We study dual superconductivity of the ground state of SU(2) gauge theory, in connection with confinement. We do that measuring on the lattice a disorder parameter describing condensation of monopoles. Confinement appears as a transition to dual superconductor, independent of the abelian projection defining monopoles. Some speculations are made on the existence of a more appropriate disorder parameter. A similar study for SU(3) is presented in a companion paper.

Note:

Some typos corrected, acknowledgements added; to appear on Phys. Rev. D Report-no: IFUP-TH 35/99

lattice field theory
gauge field theory: SU(3)
ground state
superconductivity: duality
color: confinement
gauge: abelian
magnetic monopole: condensation
critical phenomena: confinement
Polyakov loop
numerical calculations: Monte Carlo

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