Cluster Expansion Model for QCD Baryon Number Fluctuations: No Phase Transition at $\mu_B / T < \pi$ - INSPIRE

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Cluster Expansion Model for QCD Baryon Number Fluctuations: No Phase Transition at $\mu_B / T < \pi$

Volodymyr Vovchenko
(
- Frankfurt U. and
- Frankfurt U., FIAS
)
,
Jan Steinheimer
(
- Frankfurt U., FIAS
)
,
Owe Philipsen
(
- Frankfurt U.
)
,
Horst Stoecker
(
- Darmstadt, GSI and
- Frankfurt U. and
- Frankfurt U., FIAS
)

Nov 3, 2017

6 pages

Published in:

Phys.Rev.D 97 (2018) 11, 114030

Published: Jun 30, 2018

e-Print:

1711.01261 [hep-ph]

DOI:

10.1103/PhysRevD.97.114030

View in:

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Abstract: (APS)

A cluster expansion model (CEM), representing a relativistic extension of Mayer’s cluster expansion, is constructed to study baryon number fluctuations in QCD. The temperature dependent first two coefficients, corresponding to the partial pressures in the baryon number B=1 and B=2 sectors, are the only model input, which we fix by recent lattice data at imaginary baryochemical potential. All other coefficients are constructed in terms of the first two and required to match the Stefan-Boltzmann limit of noninteracting quarks and gluons at T→∞. The CEM allows calculations of the baryon number susceptibilities χkB to arbitrary order. We obtain excellent agreement with all available lattice data for the baryon number fluctuation measures χ2B, χ4B, χ6B and predict higher order susceptibilities, that are not yet available from Lattice QCD. The calculated susceptibilities are then used to extract the radius of convergence of the Taylor expansion of the pressure. The commonly used ratio test fails due to the nontrivial asymptotic behavior of the Taylor coefficients. At the same time, a more elaborate estimator provides finite convergence radii at all considered temperatures and in agreement with the singularities of Padé approximants. The associated singularities lie in the complex μB/T-plane and appear smoothly connected to the Roberge-Weiss transition at high temperatures and imaginary chemical potential. No evidence for a phase transition at μB/T≲π and T>135 MeV is found.

Note:

7 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D

expansion: cluster
baryon number: fluctuation
susceptibility
potential: chemical
quantum chromodynamics: lattice
critical phenomena
temperature dependence
Pade approximation

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