Brans–Dicke Gravity with a Cosmological Constant Smoothes Out $\Lambda$CDM Tensions

We analyze Brans–Dicke gravity with a cosmological constant, Λ, and cold dark matter (BD-ΛCDM) in the light of the latest cosmological observations on distant supernovae, Hubble rate measurements at different redshifts, baryonic acoustic oscillations, large-scale structure formation data, gravitational weak-lensing, and the cosmic microwave background under full Planck 2015 cosmic microwave background likelihood. Our analysis includes both the background and perturbations equations. We find that BD-ΛCDM is observationally favored as compared to the concordance ΛCDM model, which is traditionally defined within General Relativity (GR). In particular, some well-known persisting tensions of the ΛCDM with the data, such as the excess in the mass fluctuation amplitude and especially the acute H 0-tension with the local measurements, essentially disappear in this context. Furthermore, viewed from the GR standpoint, BD-ΛCDM cosmology mimics quintessence at c.l. near our time.

Note:

The present version, accepted for publication in Astrophys.J. Lett., contains an extended analysis (Fig. 1 is more complete) and also new comments. References added

cosmology: theory
cosmology: observations
oscillation: acoustic
mass: fluctuation
cosmological model: parameter space
gravitation
cosmic background radiation: power spectrum
cosmological constant: density
Brans-Dicke model
tension

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Brans–Dicke Gravity with a Cosmological Constant Smoothes Out Λ\LambdaΛCDM Tensions

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Brans–Dicke Gravity with a Cosmological Constant Smoothes Out $\Lambda$ CDM Tensions