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Search for continuous gravitational waves from 20 accreting millisecond x-ray pulsars in O3 LIGO data

Collaborations
Sep 19, 2021
42 pages
Published in:
  • Phys.Rev.D 105 (2022) 022002
  • Published: Jan, 2022
e-Print:
DOI:
Report number:
  • LIGO-P2100221
Experiments:
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Abstract: (APS)
Results are presented of searches for continuous gravitational waves from 20 accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars with accurately measured spin frequencies and orbital parameters, using data from the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The search algorithm uses a hidden Markov model, where the transition probabilities allow the frequency to wander according to an unbiased random walk, while the J\mathcal{J}-statistic maximum-likelihood matched filter tracks the binary orbital phase. Three narrow sub-bands are searched for each target, centered on harmonics of the measured spin frequency. The search yields 16 candidates, consistent with a false alarm probability of 30% per sub-band and target searched. These candidates, along with one candidate from an additional target-of-opportunity search done for SAX J1808.4−-3658, which was in outburst during one month of the observing run, cannot be confidently associated with a known noise source. Additional follow-up does not provide convincing evidence that any are a true astrophysical signal. When all candidates are assumed non-astrophysical, upper limits are set on the maximum wave strain detectable at 95% confidence, h095%h_0^{95\%}. The strictest constraint is h095%=4.7×10−26h_0^{95\%} = 4.7\times 10^{-26} from IGR J17062−-6143. Constraints on the detectable wave strain from each target lead to constraints on neutron star ellipticity and rr-mode amplitude, the strictest of which are ϵ95%=3.1×10−7\epsilon^{95\%} = 3.1\times 10^{-7} and α95%=1.8×10−5\alpha^{95\%} = 1.8\times 10^{-5} respectively. This analysis is the most comprehensive and sensitive search of continuous gravitational waves from accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars to date.
Note:
  • 40 pages, 6 figures. This version contains minor typographical revisions to match published article
  • lead: target
  • gravitational radiation
  • accretion
  • pulsar
  • X-ray
  • LIGO
  • spin
  • binary
  • noise
  • random walk