Analytical Model of Disk Evaporation and State Transitions in Accreting Black Holes

Apr 15, 2022
40 pages
Published in:
  • Astrophys.J. 932 (2022) 2, 97
  • Published: Jun 20, 2022
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Abstract: (IOP)
State transitions in black hole X-ray binaries are likely caused by gas evaporation from a thin accretion disk into a hot corona. We present a height-integrated version of this process, which is suitable for analytical and numerical studies. With radius r scaled to Schwarzschild units and coronal mass accretion rate to Eddington units, the results of the model are independent of black hole mass. State transitions should thus be similar in X-ray binaries and an active galactic nucleus. The corona solution consists of two power-law segments separated at a break radius r b_{b} ∼ 103^{3}(α/0.3)2^{−2}, where α is the viscosity parameter. Gas evaporates from the disk to the corona for r > r b_{b}, and condenses back for r < r b_{b}. At r b_{b}, reaches its maximum, . If at r ≫ r b_{b} the thin disk accretes with , then the disk evaporates fully before reaching r b_{b}, giving the hard state. Otherwise, the disk survives at all radii, giving the thermal state. While the basic model considers only bremsstrahlung cooling and viscous heating, we also discuss a more realistic model that includes Compton cooling and direct coronal heating by energy transport from the disk. Solutions are again independent of black hole mass, and r b_{b} remains unchanged. This model predicts strong coronal winds for r > r b_{b}, and a T ∼ 5 × 108^{8} K Compton-cooled corona for r < r b_{b}. Two-temperature effects are ignored, but may be important at small radii.
Note:
  • 40 pages, 12 figures, published in ApJ