Transverse Momentum Distributions from Lattice QCD without Wilson Lines

Nov 2, 2023
5 pages
Published in:
  • Phys.Rev.Lett. 133 (2024) 24, 241904
  • Published: Dec 13, 2024
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Abstract: (APS)
The transverse-momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs), which are defined by gauge-invariant 3D parton correlators with staple-shaped lightlike Wilson lines, can be calculated from quark and gluon correlators fixed in the Coulomb gauge on a Euclidean lattice. These quantities can be expressed gauge invariantly as the correlators of Coulomb-gauge-dressed fields, which reduce to the standard TMD correlators under principal-value prescription in the infinite boost limit. In the framework of large-momentum effective theory, a quasi-TMD defined from such correlators in a large-momentum hadron state can be matched to the TMD via a factorization formula, whose exact form is derived using soft collinear effective theory and verified at one-loop order. Compared to the currently used gauge-invariant correlators, this new method can substantially improve statistical precision and simplify renormalization for the time-reversal-even TMDs, which will greatly enhance the predicative power of lattice QCD in the nonperturbative region.
Note:
  • 5 pages and the appendix. Accepted by Physical Review Letters
  • invariance: gauge
  • parton: correlation function
  • transverse momentum: momentum spectrum
  • gluon: correlation function
  • lattice field theory
  • Coulomb gauge
  • Wilson loop
  • hadron
  • renormalization
  • Euclidean