Revealing the Superfluid Lambda Transition in the Universal Thermodynamics of a Unitary Fermi Gas - INSPIRE

DataBETA

Revealing the Superfluid Lambda Transition in the Universal Thermodynamics of a Unitary Fermi Gas

Feb 3, 2012

Published in:

Science 335 (2012) 6068, 1214987

Published: Feb 3, 2012

DOI:

10.1126/science.1214987

reference search148 citations

Citations per year

Abstract: (American Association for the Advancement of Science)

Fermi gases, collections of fermions such as neutrons and electrons, are found throughout nature, from solids to neutron stars. Interacting Fermi gases can form a superfluid or, for charged fermions, a superconductor. We have observed the superfluid phase transition in a strongly interacting Fermi gas by high-precision measurements of the local compressibility, density, and pressure. Our data completely determine the universal thermodynamics of these gases without any fit or external thermometer. The onset of superfluidity is observed in the compressibility, the chemical potential, the entropy, and the heat capacity, which displays a characteristic lambda-like feature at the critical temperature Tc/TF = 0.167(13). The ground-state energy is 35 ξN EF with ξ = 0.376(4). Our measurements provide a benchmark for many-body theories of strongly interacting fermions.

References(47)

Figures(0)

[1]

Introduction to Superconductivity

M. Tinkham

[2]

The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor & Francis, London,)

D. Vollhardt
,
P. Wölfle

[3]

Specific heat of liquid helium in zero gravity very near the lambda point

J.A. Lipa
(
- Stanford U., Phys. Dept.
)
,
J.A. Nissen
(
- Stanford U., Phys. Dept.
)
,
D.A. Stricker
(
- Stanford U., Phys. Dept.
)
,
D.R. Swanson
(
- Unlisted
)
,
T.C.P. Chui
(
- Caltech, JPL
)

- Phys.Rev.B 68 (2003) 174518
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0310163
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.174518

[4]

Vortices and superfluidity in a strongly interacting Fermi gas

Zwierlein M. W.
,
Abo-Shaeer J. R.
,
Schirotzek A.
,
Schunck C. H.
,
Ketterle W.

- Nature 435 (2005) 1047
•
DOI:
- 10.1038/nature03858

[5]

Making, probing and understanding ultracold Fermi gases

Ketterle W.
,
Zwierlein M.

- Riv.Nuovo Cim. 31 (2008) 247

[6]

Theory of ultracold atomic Fermi gases

Stefano Giorgini
(
- Trento U. and
- INFM, Trento
)
,
Lev P. Pitaevskii
(
- Trento U. and
- INFM, Trento and
- Moscow, Inst. Phys. Problems
)
,
Sandro Stringari
(
- Trento U. and
- INFM, Trento
)

- Rev.Mod.Phys. 80 (2008) 1215-1274
•
e-Print:
- 0706.3360
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.1215

[7]

Many-body physics with ultracold gases

- Rev.Mod.Phys. 80 (2008) 885-964
•
e-Print:
- 0704.3011
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/RevModPhys.80.885

[8]

Heat capacity of a strongly interacting Fermi gas

Kinast J.

- Science 307 (2005) 1296
•
DOI:
- 10.1126/science.1109220

[9]

The Potential energy of a K-40 Fermi gas in the BCS-BEC crossover

J.T. Stewart
(
- JILA, Boulder and
- Colorado U.
)
,
J.P. Gaebler
(
- JILA, Boulder and
- Colorado U.
)
,
C.A. Regal
(
- JILA, Boulder and
- Colorado U.
)
,
D.S. Jin
(
- JILA, Boulder and
- Colorado U.
)

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 97 (2006) 220406
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0607776
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.220406

[10]

Measurement of the Entropy and Critical Temperature of a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 98 (2007) 080402
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0611566
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.080402

[11]

Measurement of universal thermodynamic functions for a unitary Fermi gas

Horikoshi M.
,
Nakajima S.
,
Ueda M.
,
Mukaiyama T.

- Science 327 (2010) 442
•
DOI:
- 10.1126/science.1183012

[12]

Exploring the thermodynamics of a universal Fermi gas

- Nature 463 (2010) 7284, 1057-1060
•
e-Print:
- 0911.0747
•
DOI:
- 10.1038/nature08814

[13]

Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online

[14]

Observation of Phase Separation in a Strongly Interacting Imbalanced Fermi Gas

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 97 (2006) 030401
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0606432
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.030401

[15]

Deformation of a Trapped Fermi Gas with Unequal Spin Populations

et al.

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 97 (2006) 190407
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0608455
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.190407

[16]

Trapped resonant fermions above the superfluid transition temperature

Cheng C.-H.
,
Yip S.-K.

- Phys.Rev.B 75 (2007) 014526
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.014526

[17]

Universal Thermodynamics of Degenerate Quantum Gases in the Unitarity Limit

Tin-Lun Ho
(
- Ohio State U.
)

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 92 (2004) 090402
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0309109
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.090402

[18]

Hu H., Drummond P. D

Liu X.-J.

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 102 (2009) 160401
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.160401

[19]

Thermodynamics of two-component Fermi gas with large scattering length: Fourth- and higher-order virial coefficients, preprint

D. Rakshit
,
K.M. Daily
,
D. Blume

e-Print:
- 1106.5958

[19]

available at

D. Rakshit
,
K.M. Daily
,
D. Blume

[20]

Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute gas: Measurement of energy and ground-state occupation

Ensher J. R.
,
Jin D. S.
,
Matthews M. R.
,
Wieman C. E.
,
Cornell E. A.

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 77 (1996) 4984
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4984

[21]

Thermodynamic measurements in a strongly interacting Fermi gas

Luo L.
,
Thomas J.

- J.Low Temp.Phys. 154 (2009) 1
•
DOI:
- 10.1007/s10909-008-9850-2

[22]

Criticality in trapped atomic systems

Pollet L.
,
Prokof'ev N. V.
,
Svistunov B. V.

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 104 (2010) 245705
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.245705

[23]

Thermodynamics of the BCS-BEC crossover

R. Haussmann
(
- Konstanz U.
)
,
W. Rantner
(
- Innsbruck U.
)
,
S. Cerrito
(
- Munich, Tech. U. and
- Innsbruck U.
)
,
W. Zwerger
(
- Munich, Tech. U.
)

- Phys.Rev.A 75 (2007) 023610
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0608282
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevA.75.023610

[24]

Observation of Resonance Condensation of Fermionic Atom Pairs

C.A. Regal
(
- JILA, Boulder and
- Colorado U.
)
,
M. Greiner
(
- JILA, Boulder and
- Colorado U.
)
,
D.S. Jin
(
- JILA, Boulder and
- Colorado U.
)

- Phys.Rev.Lett. 92 (2004) 040403
•
e-Print:
- cond-mat/0401554
•
DOI:
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.040403

1-25 of 47
1
2
25 / page