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High-precision chemical quantum sensing in flowing monodisperse microdroplets

Adrisha Sarkar
(
- UC, Berkeley, Chem. Dept. and
- LBNL, Berkeley
)
,
Zachary R. Jones
(
- UC, Berkeley, Chem. Dept. and
- LBL, Berkeley
)
,
Madhur Parashar
(
- UC, Berkeley, Chem. Dept.
)
,
Emanuel Druga
(
- UC, Berkeley, Chem. Dept.
)
,
Amala Akkiraju
(
- UC, Berkeley, Chem. Dept.
)

Apr 30, 2024

12 pages

Published in:

Sci.Adv. 10 (2024) 50, adp4033

Published: Dec 13, 2024

e-Print:

2404.19313 [quant-ph]

DOI:

10.1126/sciadv.adp4033

View in:

ADS Abstract Service

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Citations per year

Abstract: (American Association for the Advancement of Science)

A method is presented for high-precision chemical detection that integrates quantum sensing with droplet microfluidics. Using nanodiamonds (ND) with fluorescent nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers as quantum sensors, rapidly flowing microdroplets containing analyte molecules are analyzed. A noise-suppressed mode of optically detected magnetic resonance is enabled by pairing controllable flow with microwave control of NV electronic spins, to detect analyte-induced signals of a few hundredths of a percent of the ND fluorescence. Using this method, paramagnetic ions in droplets are detected with low limit-of-detection using small analyte volumes, with exceptional measurement stability over >103 s. In addition, these droplets are used as microconfinement chambers by co-encapsulating ND quantum sensors with various analytes such as single cells, suggesting wide-ranging applications including single-cell metabolomics and real-time intracellular measurements from bioreactors. Important advances are enabled by this work, including portable chemical testing devices, amplification-free chemical assays, and chemical imaging tools for probing reactions within microenvironments.

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