Janus graphene nanoribbons with localized states on a single zigzag edge

Song, Shaotang; Teng, Yu; Tang, Weichen; Xu, Zhen; He, Yuanyuan; Ruan, Jiawei; Kojima, Takahiro; Hu, Wenping; Giessibl, Franz J.; Sakaguchi, Hiroshi

doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08296-x

Janus graphene nanoribbons with localized states on a single zigzag edge

Jun 8, 2024

19 pages

Published in:

Nature 637 (2025) 8046, 580-586

Published: Jan 8, 2025

e-Print:

2406.05608 [cond-mat.mes-hall]

DOI:

10.1038/s41586-024-08296-x

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Abstract: (Springer)

Topological design of π electrons in zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) leads to a wealth of magnetic quantum phenomena and exotic quantum phases

^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9–10}

. Symmetric ZGNRs typically show antiferromagnetically coupled spin-ordered edge states

^{1,2}

. Eliminating cross-edge magnetic coupling in ZGNRs not only enables the realization of a class of ferromagnetic quantum spin chains

^{11}

, enabling the exploration of quantum spin physics and entanglement of multiple qubits in the one-dimensional limit

^{3,12}

, but also establishes a long-sought-after carbon-based ferromagnetic transport channel, pivotal for ultimate scaling of GNR-based quantum electronics

^{1, 2–3,9,13}

. Here we report a general approach for designing and fabricating such ferromagnetic GNRs in the form of Janus GNRs (JGNRs) with two distinct edge configurations. Guided by Lieb’s theorem and topological classification theory

^{14, 15–16}

, we devised two JGNRs by asymmetrically introducing a topological defect array of benzene motifs to one zigzag edge, while keeping the opposing zigzag edge unchanged. This breaks the structural symmetry and creates a sublattice imbalance within each unit cell, initiating a spin-symmetry breaking. Three Z-shaped precursors are designed to fabricate one parent ZGNR and two JGNRs with an optimal lattice spacing of the defect array for a complete quench of the magnetic edge states at the ‘defective’ edge. Characterization by scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy and first-principles density functional theory confirms the successful fabrication of JGNRs with a ferromagnetic ground-state localized along the pristine zigzag edge.

Note:

19 pages, 4 figures

References(49)

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