Off-Shell Quantum Mechanics as Factorization Algebras on Intervals

Dec 9, 2024
79 pages
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Report number:
  • HU-EP-24/37

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Abstract: (arXiv)
We present, for the harmonic oscillator and the spin-12\frac{1}{2} system, an alternative formulation of quantum mechanics that is `off-shell': it is based on classical off-shell configurations and thus similar to the path integral. The core elements are Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) algebras and factorization algebras, following a program by Costello and Gwilliam. The BV algebras are the spaces of quantum observables Obsq(I){\rm Obs}^q(I) given by the symmetric algebra of polynomials in compactly supported functions on some interval IRI\subset\mathbb{R}, which can be viewed as functionals on the dynamical variables. Generalizing associative algebras, factorization algebras include in their data a topological space, which here is R\mathbb{R}, and an assignment of a vector space to each open set, which here is the assignment of Obsq(I){\rm Obs}^q(I) to each open interval II. The central structure maps are bilinear Obsq(I1)Obsq(I2)Obsq(J){\rm Obs}^q(I_1)\otimes {\rm Obs}^q(I_2)\rightarrow {\rm Obs}^q(J) for disjoint intervals I1I_1 and I2I_2 contained in an interval JJ, which here is the wedge product of the symmetric algebra. We prove, as the central result of this paper, that this factorization algebra is quasi-isomorphic to the factorization algebra of `on-shell' quantum mechanics. In this we extend previous work by including half-open and closed intervals, and by generalizing to the spin-12\frac{1}{2} system.
Note:
  • 79 pages, 2 figures