Nonequilibrium neutrino statistical mechanics in the expanding universe

Apr, 1992
43 pages
Published in:
  • Phys.Rev.D 46 (1992) 3372-3387
Report number:
  • FERMILAB-PUB-92-084-A

Citations per year

19932001200920172024024681012
Abstract: (APS)
We study neutrino decoupling in the early Universe (t∼sec,T∼MeV) by integrating the Boltzmann equations that govern the neutrino phase-space distribution functions. In particular, we compute the distortions in the νe and νμντ phase-space distributions that arise in the standard cosmology due to e± annihilations. These distortions are nonthermal, with the effective neutrino temperature increasing with neutrino momentum, approaching a 0.7% increase for electron neutrinos and a 0.3% increase for μ and τ neutrinos at the highest neutrino momenta, and correspond to an increase in the energy density of νe's of about 1.2% and in the energy density of νμντ's of about 0.5% (roughly one additional relic neutrino per cm−3 per species). The distortion for electron neutrinos is larger than that for μ and τ neutrinos because electron neutrinos couple to e±'s through both charged- and neutral-current interactions. Our results graphically illustrate that neutrino decoupling is a continuous process which is momentum dependent. Because of subtle cancellations, these distortions lead to only a tiny change in the predicted primordial He4 abundance, ΔY≃1−2×10−4.
  • astrophysics
  • statistical mechanics
  • neutrino: decoupling
  • decoupling: neutrino
  • phase space
  • energy: density
  • Boltzmann equation
  • nucleus: production
  • production: nucleus
  • numerical calculations