Cosmology with ultralight pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons

Frieman, Joshua A.; Hill, Christopher T.; Stebbins, Albert; Waga, Ioav

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2077

Cosmology with ultralight pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons

Joshua A. Frieman
(
- Fermilab and
- Chicago U., Astron. Astrophys. Ctr.
)
,
Christopher T. Hill
(
- Fermilab
)
,
Albert Stebbins
(
- Fermilab
)
,
Ioav Waga
(
- Fermilab and
- Rio de Janeiro Federal U.
)

May, 1995

15 pages

Published in:

Phys.Rev.Lett. 75 (1995) 2077-2080

e-Print:

astro-ph/9505060 [astro-ph]

DOI:

10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2077

Report number:

FERMILAB-PUB-95-066-A

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Abstract: (arXiv)

We explore the cosmological implications of an ultra-light pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson. With global spontaneous symmetry breaking scale

f \simeq 10~{18}

GeV and explicit breaking scale comparable to MSW neutrino masses,

M \sim 10~{-3}

eV, such a field, which acquires a mass

m_\phi \sim M~2/f \sim H_0

, would have become dynamical at recent epochs and currently dominate the energy density of the universe. The field acts as an effective cosmological constant for several expansion times and then relaxes into a condensate of coherent non-relativistic bosons. Such a model can reconcile dynamical estimates of the density parameter,

\Omega_m \sim 0.2

, with a spatially flat universe, and can yield an expansion age

H_0 t_0 \simeq 1

while remaining consistent with limits from gravitational lens statistics.

cosmological model
spontaneous symmetry breaking
Goldstone particle: mass
mass: Goldstone particle
matter: density
cosmological constant
vacuum state
energy: density
numerical calculations: interpretation of experiments

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