Implications of the radio afterglow from the gamma-ray burst of May 8, 1997

Nov, 1997
15 pages
Published in:
  • Astrophys.J. 497 (1998) 288-293
e-Print:
Report number:
  • IASSNS-AST-97-70

Citations per year

19972004201120182025051015
Abstract: (arXiv)
Radio observations of the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB970508 provide unique new constraints on afterglow models. The quenching of diffractive scintillation at 4 week delay provides the first direct estimate of source size and expansion rate. It implies an apparent size R1017R\sim10^{17}cm and expansion at a speed comparable to that of light at 4 weeks delay, in agreement with the fireball model prediction R=1017(t/week)5/8R=10^{17}(t/week)^{5/8}cm. The radio flux and its dependence on time and frequency at 1--5 week delay are in agreement with the model and imply a fireball energy (assuming spherical symmetry) of order 10^{52}erg, consistent with the value inferred from observations at shorter delay. The observed radio behavior deviates from model predictions at delays larger than 5 weeks. This is expected, since at this delay the fireball is in transition from highly-relativistic to sub-relativistic expansion, with Lorentz factor \gamma<2. Deviation may be due to a change in the physical processes associated with the shock wave as it becomes sub-relativistic (e.g. a decrease in the fraction of energy carried by magnetic field), or to the fireball being a cone of opening angle 1/γ0.51/\gamma\sim0.5. We predict the future behavior of the radio flux assuming that the latter interpretation is valid. These predictions may be tested by radio observations in the frequency range 0.1--10GHz on time scale of months.