Continuous limit of multiple gravitational lens effect and averaged magnification factor

Apr, 2003
13 pages
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Abstract: (arXiv)
We show that the gravitational magnification factor averaged over all configurations of lenses in a locally inhomogeneous universe satisfy a second order differential equation with redshift zz by taking the continuous limit of multi-plane gravitational lens equation (the number NN of lenses \to\infty) and that the gravitationally magnified Dyer-Roeder distance in a clumpy universe becomes to that of the Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre universe for arbitrary values of the density parameter Ω0\Omega_{0} and of a mass fraction αˉ\bar{\alpha} (smoothness parameter).