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The stochastic gravitational wave background from primordial gravitational atoms

Zhaofeng Kang
(
- Hua-Zhong U. Sci. Tech.
)
,
Tianjun Li
(
- Beijing, Inst. Theor. Phys. and
- Beijing, GUCAS and
- Henan Normal U.
)
,
Weitao Ye
(
- Hua-Zhong U. Sci. Tech.
)

Jul 18, 2024

30 pages

Published in:

JCAP 11 (2024) 039

Published: Nov 22, 2024

e-Print:

2407.13385 [hep-ph]

DOI:

10.1088/1475-7516/2024/11/039

View in:

ADS Abstract Service

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Abstract: (IOP)

We propose a scenario of primordial gravitational atoms (PGAs), which may exist in the current and past universe due to spinning primordial black holes (PBHs) and very light bosonic fields. In a monochromatic mass scenario with a sizable dimensionless spin, which may arise in a short matter dominated (MD) era, we analyze the resulting stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) signal. Its spectrum is approximately characterized by a rising ∝ f

^{3}

followed by a falling ∝ f

^{-1}

where f is the frequency. Then, we investigate the constraints and prospects of such an SGWB, and find that PGAs with a core mass M

_{BH}

∼ 𝒪(10) M

_{⊙}

and a cloud of light scalar with mass μ ∼ 𝒪 (10

^{-13}

) eV could yield constraints even stronger than those from bare PBHs. Future detectors such as LISA, Taiji and TianQin are able to explore PGAs over a narrow and elongated strap in the (μ,M

_{BH}

) plane, spanning over 10 orders of magnitude for the maximum spin, 10

^{-8}

M

_{⊙}

≲ M

_{BH}

≲ 10

^{4}

M

_{⊙}

, 10

^{-16}

eV ≲ μ ≲ 10

^{-3}

eV. If the PGA is dressed with a vector cloud, the SGWB signal has a much better opportunity to be probed.

primordial black holes
gravitational waves / sources

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